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Sibling abuse
Sibling abuse (or intersibling abuse) is the physical, emotional, and/or sexual abuse of one sibling by another.
Though several studies indicate that sibling abuse is far more common than other forms of family abuse,〔Straus, M. (1979). Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: The Conflict Tactics Scale. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 59, p. 75-88.〕〔Straus, M. & Gelles, R. (1990). Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and
adaptations to violence in 8, 145 families. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books.〕〔Straus, M., Gelles, R., & Steinmetz, S. (1980). Behind closed doors: Violence in the American Family. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books.〕 chronic maltreatment by siblings has only relatively recently become the subject of serious clinical study and concern.〔(University of Michigan Health System: Sibling abuse )〕 Sibling abuse is far less recognized than spousal or child abuse and is often considered less dangerous,〔Steinmetz, S. K. (1981). A cross-cultural comparison of sibling violence. International Journal of Family Psychiatry, 2(3-sup-4), p. 337-351.〕 although siblings who are a great deal larger and/or older than their younger counterparts may in fact be capable of lethal violence towards their victims.〔(Time Magazine: Reluctant Referees )〕
Sibling abuse is significantly more likely to occur in dysfunctional, neglectful and/or abusive homes, and often reflects a lack of appropriate boundaries and discipline on the part of the parents.〔〔〔Laviola, M. (1992). Effects of older brother-younger sister incest: A study of the dynamics of 17 cases. Child Abuse and Neglect, 16, p. 409-421.〕 In many cases, sibling abuse can occur as "second hand abuse" in which children who have been harmed or maltreated go on to harm siblings.〔http://www.sasian.org/guide/aguide_en.htm〕 A 1982 study found that of 60% of children who witnessed their mothers abused by their fathers subsequently acted out the scene with their siblings.〔Pfout, Schopler, & Henley, "Forgotten Victims of Family Violence," ''Social Work'', July 1982.〕 Similarly, those who witness abuse as children are more likely to abuse as adults: Malone and colleagues〔Malone, J., Tyree, A., & O'Leary, K. D. (1989). Generalization and containment: Different effects of past aggression for wives and husbands. ''Journal of Marriage and the Family'', 51, 687-697.〕 found that when children witnessed parental abuse they were more likely to behave abusively as adults, and that, contrary to common wisdom, girls from such families were more likely than boys to behave abusively towards partners as adults. The "Cinderella effect", which is a conventional wisdom in the Anglosphere, holds that sibling abuse is more common between half-siblings or full step-siblings than genetic siblings.
==Prevalence==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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